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Compare Western Sahara (2001) - South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2002)

Compare Western Sahara (2001) z South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2002)

 Western Sahara (2001)South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2002)
 Western SaharaSouth Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
Administrative divisions none (under de facto control of Morocco) -
Age structure 0-14 years:
NA%

15-64 years:
NA%

65 years and over:
NA%		 -
Agriculture - products fruits and vegetables (grown in the few oases); camels, sheep, goats (kept by nomads) -
Airports 11 (2000 est.) none (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total:
3

2,438 to 3,047 m:
3 (2000 est.)		 -
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
8

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
4

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)		 -
Area total:
266,000 sq km

land:
266,000 sq km

water:
0 sq km		 total: 3,903 sq km


land: 3,903 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of some nine islands
Area - comparative about the size of Colorado slightly larger than Rhode Island
Background Morocco virtually annexed the northern two-thirds of Western Sahara (formerly Spanish Sahara) in 1976, and the rest of the territory in 1979, following Mauritania's withdrawal. A guerrilla war with the Polisario Front contesting Rabat's sovereignty ended in a 1991 cease-fire; a referendum on final status has been repeatedly postponed and is not expected to occur until at least 2002. The islands lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands and have been under British administration since 1908 except for a brief period in 1982 when Argentina occupied them. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. The famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses scientists from the British Antarctic Survey. The islands have large bird and seal populations and, recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 NM to 200 NM around each island.
Budget revenues:
$NA

expenditures:
$NA, including capital expenditures of $NA		 -
Capital none -
Climate hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow
Coastline 1,110 km NA km
Constitution - adopted 3 October 1985
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Western Sahara

former:
Spanish Sahara		 conventional long form: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands


conventional short form: none
Currency Moroccan dirham (MAD) -
Debt - external $NA -
Dependency status - overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by a commissioner, who is concurrently governor of the Falkland Islands, representing Queen ELIZABETH II; Grytviken, formerly a whaling station on South Georgia, is a scientific base
Diplomatic representation from the US none none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Diplomatic representation in the US none none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Disputes - international claimed and administered by Morocco, but sovereignty is unresolved and the UN is attempting to hold a referendum on the issue; the UN-administered cease-fire has been in effect since September 1991 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands occupied briefly by Argentina in 1982; islands continue to be claimed by Argentina
Economic aid - recipient $NA -
Economy - overview Western Sahara, a territory poor in natural resources and lacking sufficient rainfall, depends on pastoral nomadism, fishing, and phosphate mining as the principal sources of income for the population. Most of the food for the urban population must be imported. All trade and other economic activities are controlled by the Moroccan Government. Incomes and standards of living are substantially below the Moroccan level. Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting fin fish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK, sale of fishing licenses, and harbor and landing fees from tourist vessels. Tourism from specialized cruise ships is increasing rapidly.
Electricity - consumption 83.7 million kWh (1999) NA kWh
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 90 million kWh (1999) NA kWh
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 fossil fuel: NA%


hydro: NA%


nuclear: NA%


other: NA%
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Sebjet Tah -55 m

highest point:
unnamed location 463 m		 lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m
Environment - current issues sparse water and lack of arable land NA
Environment - international agreements party to:
none of the selected agreements

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements		 -
Ethnic groups Arab, Berber -
Exchange rates Moroccan dirhams per US dollar - 10.590 (January 2001), 10.626 (2000), 9.804 (1999), 9.604 (1998), 9.527 (1997), 8.716 (1996) -
Executive branch none -
Exports $NA -
Exports - commodities phosphates 62% -
Exports - partners Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description - the flag of the UK is used
GDP purchasing power parity - $NA -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
40%-45% (1996 est.)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $NA -
GDP - real growth rate NA% -
Geographic coordinates 24 30 N, 13 00 W 54 30 S, 37 00 W
Geography - note - the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in the 21st century, live on South Georgia
Heliports 1 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
6,200 km

paved:
1,350 km

unpaved:
4,850 km (1991 est.)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Imports $NA -
Imports - commodities fuel for fishing fleet, foodstuffs -
Imports - partners Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries phosphate mining, handicrafts -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) NA% -
International organization participation none -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km 0 sq km (1998 est.)
Labor force 12,000 -
Labor force - by occupation animal husbandry and subsistence farming 50% -
Land boundaries total:
2,046 km

border countries:
Algeria 42 km, Mauritania 1,561 km, Morocco 443 km		 0 km
Land use arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
19%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
81%		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen) (1998 est.)
Languages Hassaniya Arabic, Moroccan Arabic -
Legal system - the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply; the senior magistrate from the Falkland Islands presides over the Magistrates Court
Literacy definition:
NA

total population:
NA%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%		 -
Location Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Mauritania and Morocco Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America
Map references Africa Antarctic Region
Maritime claims contingent upon resolution of sovereignty issue exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches NA -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% -
National holiday - Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)
Nationality noun:
Sahrawi(s), Sahraoui(s)

adjective:
Sahrawian, Sahraouian		 -
Natural hazards hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occur during winter and spring; widespread harmattan haze exists 60% of time, often severely restricting visibility the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism
Natural resources phosphates, iron ore fish
Political pressure groups and leaders none -
Population 250,559 (July 2001 est.) no indigenous inhabitants


note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001, to be replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey, which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% -
Ports and harbors Ad Dakhla, Cabo Bojador, Laayoune (El Aaiun) Grytviken
Radio broadcast stations AM 2, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998) 0 (2003)
Radios 56,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Muslim -
Suffrage none; a UN-sponsored voter identification campaign has yet to be completed -
Telephone system general assessment:
sparse and limited system

domestic:
NA

international:
tied into Morocco's system by microwave radio relay, tropospheric scatter, and satellite; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) linked to Rabat, Morocco		 general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken
Telephones - main lines in use about 2,000 (1999 est.) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 0 (1999) -
Television broadcast stations NA 0 (2003)
Terrain mostly low, flat desert with large areas of rocky or sandy surfaces rising to small mountains in south and northeast most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes
Unemployment rate NA% -
Waterways none none
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